Bergson, Henri

Bergson, Henri
(1859-1941)
   philosopher
   Born in Paris, Bergson was professor at the CoLlège de france from 1900 to 1914. As a thinker, he left an abundance of philosophical writings, including Essai sur les données immédiates de la conscience (1889), Matière et mémoire (1896), Le Rire (1900), L'Évolution créatrice (1907), L'Énergie spirituelle (1919), Durée et simultanéité (1922), Les Deux Sources de la moral et de la religion (1932), and La Pensée et le mouvant (1934). Hostile to formalistic intellectualism, and in particular to Kant and neo-Kantianism, as well as to scientific and materialistic positivism, Bergson developed his thought through a critical analysis of the scientific method. He presented, in contrast, theories on the freedom of the mind and on duration, which he regarded as the succession of unconscious states, intermingling and unmeasured. Bergson defined the mind as pure energy—the élan vital—responsible for all organic evolution. Although often associated with the intuitionalist school of philosophy, Bergsonism is too original and eclectic to be so categorized. Nonetheless, Bergson did emphasize the importance of intuition over intellect and the idea of two opposing currents: inert matter in conflict with organic life as the vital urge strives toward free creative activity. The influence of Bergson's lectures and writings on 20th-century philosophers, writers, and artists is extensive and includes charles péguy, marcel proust, and others. Bergson was elected to the Académie Française in 1914 and was awarded the Nobel Prize in literature in 1927.

France. A reference guide from Renaissance to the Present . 1884.

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  • BERGSON, HENRI LOUIS — (1859–1941), French philosopher. His father, michael bergson , came from a distinguished Warsaw family; his mother from England. He was born in Paris and from 1881 taught philosophy at the Angers Lycée and subsequently at Clermont Ferrand, where… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • Bergson, Henri — ▪ French philosopher Introduction in full  Henri Louis Bergson  born Oct. 18, 1859, Paris, France died Jan. 4, 1941, Paris  French philosopher, the first to elaborate what came to be called a process philosophy, which rejected static values in… …   Universalium

  • Bergson, Henri — (1859 1941)    by Felicity J. Colman   Deleuze has been credited with restoring French philosopher Henri Bergson to the canon of key thinkers of his generation, and Bergson s work continues to impact disciplines concerned with time, movement,… …   The Deleuze dictionary

  • Bergson, Henri — (1859 1941)    by Felicity J. Colman   Deleuze has been credited with restoring French philosopher Henri Bergson to the canon of key thinkers of his generation, and Bergson s work continues to impact disciplines concerned with time, movement,… …   The Deleuze dictionary

  • Bergson, Henri — (1859–1941)    Philosopher.    Bergson was born in Paris, to Jewish parents. Between 1900 and 1924 he held a chair at the Collège de France; he was elected to the Académie Française in 1914 and he was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1928. Among his… …   Who’s Who in Christianity

  • Bergson, Henri — (1859–1941) French philosopher and evolutionist. Born in Paris, in 1900 Bergson became professor at the Collège de France, and held the post until 1921. His fluent and accessible works with their uplifting spiritual content led to many honours in …   Philosophy dictionary

  • Bergson, Henri — (1859–1941)    French philosopher and Nobel laureate, 1928. Bergson was one of the most eminent and influential philosophers of his time. Though his father was from Poland and his mother from England, he was born in Paris and became a naturalized …   Who’s Who in Jewish History after the period of the Old Testament

  • Bergson, Henri (-Louis) — born Oct. 15, 1859, Paris, France died Jan. 4, 1941, Paris French philosopher. In Creative Evolution (1907), he argued that evolution, which he accepted as scientific fact, is not mechanistic but driven by an élan vital ( vital impulse ). He was… …   Universalium

  • Bergson,Henri Louis — Berg·son (bĕrgʹsən, bĕrg sôɴʹ), Henri Louis. 1859 1941. French philosopher and writer whose popular and accessible works, including Creative Evolution (1907) and The Creative Mind (1934), largely concern the importance of intuition as a means of… …   Universalium

  • Bergson, Henri — (1859 1941)    French philosopher. Born in Paris, he taught philosophy at the Angers Lycee and later at Clermont Ferrard. In 1889 he returned to Paris and in 1900 became professor at the College de France. In 1928 he received the Nobel Prize for… …   Dictionary of Jewish Biography

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